With duplex ultrasound, vascular adverse events  are displayed as hypervascularity around the main arterial trunk and a reduced microvascularization in an area of the superficial fatty layer. Clinically  redness, pain, livedo reticularis, edema, blanching, and hematoma are observed. The livedo skin patterns seen in vascular adverse events reflect reflect the hypervascularity of the capillary bed of the involved underlying perforator(s) along the course of a main arteries.  For each facial area, a strikingly similar reticulated pattern is observed. This typical skin pattern may be used in the clinical diagnoses of a vascular adverse event.

Study the first image to recognize the different layers. If you are sure about the layers, swipe to the second image to view the answer (if applicable).